Amazon Partners with X-energy and Energy Northwest to Deploy Twelve Modular Reactors
Amazon has revealed plans to construct 12 small modular nuclear reactors (SMRs) through a partnership with X-energy and Energy Northwest, targeting a combined output of about 1 gigawatt (GW) by the next decade. The Cascade Advanced Energy Facility, set for development near Richland, Washington, will serve as the backbone of this initiative.
This project is part of Amazon’s long-term strategy to bring over 5 GW of new nuclear power to the U.S. grid by 2039.
Powering the Rise of AI and Cloud Services
If successful, Amazon’s plan will mark one of the largest corporate-backed clean energy ventures to date. The new reactors are expected to provide carbon-free electricity to power Amazon’s expanding digital ecosystem, including AI tools, large-scale data centers, and cloud storage systems.
As AI drives increasing computational demand, renewable energy sources like solar and wind often lack the stability required for continuous operations. In contrast, nuclear energy offers around-the-clock reliability. The SMR project is therefore seen as a critical step to ensure a constant power supply supporting Amazon Web Services (AWS) and other digital operations.
“This project isn’t just about new technology, it’s about creating a reliable source of carbon-free energy that will support our growing digital world,” said Kara Hurst, Amazon’s Chief Sustainability Officer.
Innovative Reactor Design and Workforce Development
The Cascade project will employ X-energy’s Xe-100 reactor design—a next-generation modular system built for scalability and safety. Each Xe-100 unit will generate approximately 80 megawatts (MW) of power, with modular construction enabling faster deployment compared to traditional nuclear plants.
Preparation for the local workforce is already underway through the Department of Energy-funded Energy Learning Center at Columbia Basin College. The center will host a high-fidelity simulator replicating the Xe-100 control room to train operators, engineers, and technicians for high-paying roles once the Cascade reactors become operational.
Amazon estimates the project will create over 1,000 construction jobs along with more than 100 permanent technical positions, contributing significantly to the local economy. The initiative also supports Washington State’s goal of diversifying its clean energy portfolio.
Challenges and Future Outlook
Despite the enthusiasm, critics point out that nuclear projects often face lengthy approval processes and high upfront costs. Construction of the first reactors is scheduled to begin near the end of this decade, with operations expected in the early 2030s.
In addition to the Cascade project, Amazon has partnered with Talen Energy to develop a nuclear-powered data center in Pennsylvania.
While SMRs are smaller and potentially safer than traditional nuclear reactors, it remains to be seen whether they can fully deliver on their promise of clean, scalable, and cost-effective power.
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